SPIDER

SPIDER                                       

                                            Spiders order Araneae are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs and chelicerae with fangs that inject venom. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all other orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except for Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every habitat with the exceptions of air and sea colonization. As of November 2015, at least 45,700 spider species, and 113 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been dissension within the scientific community as to how all these families should be classified, as evidenced by the over 20 different classifications that have been proposed since 1900.

Anatomically, spiders differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax and abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel. Unlike insects, spiders do not have antennae. In all except the most primitive group, the Mesothelae, spiders have the most centralized nervous systems of all arthropods, as all their ganglia are fused into one mass in the cephalothorax. Unlike most arthropods, spiders have no extensor muscles in their limbs and instead extend them by hydraulic pressure.

Their abdomens bear appendages that have been modified into spinnerets that extrude silk from up to six types of glands. Spider webs vary widely in size, shape and the amount of sticky thread used. It now appears that the spiral orb web may be one of the earliest forms, and spiders that produce tangled cobwebs are more abundant and diverse than orb-web spiders. Spider-like arachnids with silk-producing spigots appeared in the Devonian period about 386 million years ago, but these animals apparently lacked spinnerets. True spiders have been found in Carboniferous rocks from 318 to 299 million years ago, and are very similar to the most primitive surviving suborder, the Mesothelae. The main groups of modern spiders, Mygalomorphae and Araneomorphae, first appeared in the Triassic period, before 200 million years ago.

A herbivorous species, Bagheera kiplingi, was described in 2008 but all other known species are predators, mostly preying on insects and on other spiders, although a few large species also take birds and lizards. It is estimated that the world's 25 million tons of spiders kill 400–800 million tons of prey per year.[5] Spiders use a wide range of strategies to capture prey: trapping it in sticky webs, lassoing it with sticky bolas, mimicking the prey to avoid detection, or running it down. Most detect prey mainly by sensing vibrations, but the active hunters have acute vision, and hunters of the genus Portia show signs of intelligence in their choice of tactics and ability to develop new ones. Spiders' guts are too narrow to take solids, and they liquefy their food by flooding it with digestive enzymes. They also grind food with the bases of their pedipalps, as arachnids do not have the mandibles that crustaceans and insects have.

virat kohli

VIRAT  KOHLI           

                                             born 5 November 1988) is an Indian international cricketer who currently captains the India national team. A right-handed batsman, often regarded as one of the best batsmen in the world, Kohli was ranked eighth in ESPN's list of world's most famous athletes in 2016.[3] He plays for the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Indian Premier League (IPL), and has been the team's captain since 2013.

Born and raised in Delhi, Kohli represented the city's cricket team at various age-group levels before making his first-class debut in 2006. He captained India Under-19s to victory at the 2008 Under-19 World Cup in Malaysia, and a few months later, made his ODI debut for India against Sri Lanka at the age of 19. Initially having played as a reserve batsman in the Indian team, he soon established himself as a regular in the ODI middle-order and was part of the squad that won the 2011 World Cup. He made his Test debut in 2011, and shrugged off the tag of "ODI specialist" by 2013 with Test hundreds in Australia and South Africa.[4] Having reached the number one spot in the ICC rankings for ODI batsmen for the first time in 2013,[5] Kohli also found success in the Twenty20 format, winning the Man of the Tournament twice at the ICC World Twenty20 (in 2014 and 2016). In 2014, he became the top-ranked T20I batsman in the ICC rankings and holds the position, as of May 2017.

Kohli was appointed vice-captain of the ODI team in 2012, and handed over the Test captaincy following Mahendra Singh Dhoni's Test retirement in 2014. In early 2017, he became the limited-overs captain as well after Dhoni stepped down from the position. Kohli holds numerous Indian batting records including the fastest ODI century, the fastest batsman to 5,000 ODI runs and the fastest to 10 ODI centuries. He is only the second batsman in the world to have scored 1,000 or more ODI runs for four consecutive calendar years.[7] Among the T20I world records held by Kohli are fastest batsman to 1,000 runs, most runs in a calendar year and most fifties in the format. He also holds the records of most runs in a single tournament of both the World Twenty20 and the IPL.

Kohli has been the recipient of many awards such as the ICC ODI Player of the Year in 2012 and the BCCI's international cricketer of the year for the 2011–12 and 2014–15 seasons. In 2013, he was given the Arjuna Award in recognition of his achievements in international cricket. The Padma Shri was conferred upon him in 2017 under the sports category.Alongside his cricket career, Kohli co-owns FC Goa in the ISL, the IPTL franchise UAE Royals and the PWL team Bengaluru Yodhas. He also has other business ventures and over 20 brand endorsements; his brand value in 2016 was estimated to be US$92 second on the list of India's most valued celebrity brands.

Phoenix Bird

          Phoenix Bird                                                                A phoenix depicted in a book of legendary creatures by FJ Bertuch (1747–1822)

In Greek mythology, a phoenix (Ancient Greek: φοῖνιξ phoînix; Latin: phoenix, phœnix, fenix) is a long-lived bird that is cyclically regenerated or born again.

Associated with the Sun, a phoenix obtains new life by arising from the ashes of its predecessor. According to some sources, the phoenix dies in a show of flames and combustion, although there are other sources that claim that the legendary bird dies and simply decomposes before being born again.[1] According to some texts, the phoenix could live over 1,400 years before rebirth.[2] Herodotus, Lucan, Pliny the Elder, Pope Clement I, Lactantius, Ovid, and Isidore of Seville are among those who have contributed to

the retelling and transmission of the phoenix motif.

In the historical record, the phoenix "could symbolize renewal in general as well as the sun, time, the Empire, metempsychosis, consecration, resurrection, life in the heavenly Paradise, Christ, Mary, virginity, the exceptional man, and certain aspects of Christian life".[3]

Etymology

The modern English noun phoenix derives from Middle English phenix (before 1150), itself from Old English fēnix (around 750). Old English fēnix was borrowed from Medieval Latin phenix, which is derived from Classical Latin phoenīx. The Classical Latin phoenīx represents Greek φοῖνιξ phoinīx.

In ancient Greece and Rome, the bird, phoenix, was sometimes associated with the similar-sounding Phoenicia, a civilization famous for its production of purple dye from conch shells. A late antique etymology offered by the 6th- and 7th-century CE archbishop Isidore of Seville accordingly derives the name of the phoenix from its allegedly purple-red hue. Because the costly purple dye from Phoenicia was associated with the upper classes in antiquity and, later, with royalty, in the medieval period the phoenix was considered "the royal bird

In spite of these folk etymologies, with the deciphering of the Linear B script in the 20th century, the original Greek φοῖνιξ was decisively shown to be derived from Mycenaean Greek po-ni-ke, itself open to a variety of interpretations.

Relation to the Egyptian Bennu

Classical discourse on the subject of the phoenix points to a potential origin of the phoenix in Ancient Egypt. In the 19th century scholastic suspicions appeared to be confirmed by the discovery that Egyptians in Heliopolis had venerated the Bennu, a solar bird observed in some respects to be similar to the Greek phoenix. However, the Egyptian sources regarding the bennu are often problematic and open to a variety of interpretations. Some of these sources may have actually been influenced by Greek notions of the phoenix, rather than the other way around.

Herodotus, writing in the 5th century BC, gives a somewhat skeptical account of the phoenix:

"[The Egyptians] have also another sacred bird called the phoenix which I myself have never seen, except in pictures. Indeed it is a great rarity, even in Egypt, only coming there (according to the accounts of the people of Heliopolis) once in five hundred years, when the old phoenix dies. Its size and appearance, if it is like the pictures, are as follow:- The plumage is partly red, partly golden, while the general make and size are almost exactly that of the eagle. They tell a story of what this bird does, which does not seem to me to be credible: that he comes all the way from Arabia, and brings the parent bird, all plastered over with myrrh, to the temple of the Sun, and there buries the body. In order to bring him, they say, he first forms a ball of myrrh as big as he finds that he can carry; then he hollows out the ball, and puts his parent inside, after which he covers over the opening with fresh myrrh, and the ball is then of exactly the same weight as at first; so he brings it to Egypt, plastered over as I have said, and deposits it in the temple of the Sun. Such is the story they tell of the doings of this bird.

Appearance

Detail from the 12th century Aberdeen Bestiary, featuring a phoenix

The phoenix is sometimes pictured in ancient and medieval literature and medieval art as endowed with a nimbus, which emphasizes the bird's connection with the Sun.[9] In the oldest images of phoenixes on record these nimbuses often have seven rays, like Helios (the personified sun of Greek mythology).[10] Pliny the Elder[11] also describes the bird as having a crest of feathers on its head,[9] and Ezekiel the Dramatist compared it to a rooster.

Although the phoenix was generally believed to be colorful and vibrant, sources provide no clear consensus about its coloration. Tacitus says that its color made it stand out from all other birds.[13] Some said that the bird had peacock-like coloring, and Herodotus's claim of red and yellow is popular in many versions of the story on record.[14] Ezekiel the Dramatist declared that the phoenix had red legs and striking yellow eyes,[12] but Lactantius said that its eyes were blue like sapphires[15] and that its legs were covered in scales of yellow-gold with rose-colored talons.

Herodotus, Pliny, Solinus, and Philostratus describe the phoenix as similar in size to an eagle,[17] but Lactantius and Ezekiel the Dramatist both claim that the phoenix was larger, with Lactantius declaring that it was even larger than an ostrich.

Barack Obama

 Barack Obama

 44th President of the United States

January 20, 2009 – January 20, 2017

Vice President    Joe Biden

Preceded by       George W. Bush

Succeeded by     Donald Trump

United States Senator

from IllinoisIn office

January 3, 2005 – November 16, 2008

Preceded by       Peter Fitzgerald

Succeeded by     Roland Burris

Member of the Illinois Senate

from the 13th district

In office

January 8, 1997 – November 4, 2004

Preceded by       Alice Palmer

Succeeded by     Kwame Raoul

Personal details

Born      Barack Hussein Obama II

August 4, 1961 (age 56)

Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.

Political party    Democratic

Spouse(s)     Michelle Robinson (m. 1992)

Children      

Malia Sasha

Parents

Barack Obama Sr.

Ann Dunham

Relatives     See Family of Barack Obama

Education   

Occidental College (transferred)

Columbia University (BA)

Harvard University (JD)

Awards Nobel Peace Prize (2009)

Profile in Courage Award (2017)

Signature   

Website      

Office of Barack and Michelle Obama

Obama Foundation

Organizing for Action

White House Archives (Archived)

Obama portrait crop.jpg       This article is part of

a series about

Barack Obama

Political positions Electoral history

Early life and career Family Public image

Illinois State Senator

U.S. Senator from Illinois

44th President of the United States

Presidency Timeline

Policies

Economy Energy Foreign policy Obama Doctrine Foreign trips Pardons Social Space

Appointments

Cabinet Judges

First term

Campaign for the Presidency 2008 General election Primaries

Transition 1st inauguration

First 100 days Affordable Care Act Iraq Withdrawal Death of Osama bin Laden

Timeline: '09 '10 '11 '12

Second term

Reelection campaign

2012 General election Reactions

2nd inauguration Immigration executive action Iran deal Cuban thaw

Timeline: '13 '14 '15 '16 '17

Post-Presidency

Planned Library One America Appeal

Dreams from My Father The Audacity of Hope Nobel Peace Prize

Seal of the President of the United States.svg

v t e

Part of a series on

New Democrats

Barack Obama and Bill Clinton

Ideology[show]

People[hide]

Bruce Babbitt Evan Bayh John Carney Tom Carper Lawton Chiles Bill Clinton Hillary Clinton Gerry Connolly Jim Davis Susan Davis Cal Dooley John Edwards Harold Ford Jr. Al From Dick Gephardt Al Gore Bob Graham Jim Himes John Kerry Ron Kind Mary Landrieu Rick Larsen Joe Lieberman Blanche Lincoln Will Marshall Jim Moran Sam Nunn Barack Obama Jared Polis Chuck Robb Timothy J. Roemer Paul Tsongas Allyson Schwartz Adam Smith

Organizations[show]

A coloured voting box.svg Politics portal

v t e

Barack Hussein Obama II (US: /bəˈrɑːk huːˈseɪn oʊˈbɑːmə/ (About this sound listen) bə-RAHK hoo-SAYN oh-BAH-mə;[1][2] born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from 2009 to 2017. The first African American to assume the presidency in American history, he previously served in the U.S. Senate representing Illinois from 2005 to 2008 and in the Illinois State Senate from 1997 to 2004.

Obama was born in 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii, two years after the territory was admitted to the Union as the 50th state. Raised largely in Hawaii, Obama also spent one year of his childhood in Washington State and four years in Indonesia. After graduating from Columbia University in 1983, he worked as a community organizer in Chicago. In 1988 Obama enrolled in Harvard Law School, where he was the first black president of the Harvard Law Review. After graduation, he became a civil rights attorney and professor, and taught constitutional law at the University of Chicago Law School from 1992 to 2004. Obama represented the 13th District for three terms in the Illinois Senate from 1997 to 2004, when he ran for the U.S. Senate. Obama received national attention in 2004, with his unexpected March primary win, his well-received July Democratic National Convention keynote address, and his landslide November election to the Senate. In 2008, Obama was nominated for president, a year after his campaign began, and after a close primary campaign against Hillary Clinton. He was elected over Republican John McCain, and was inaugurated on January 20, 2009. Nine months later, Obama was named the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize laureate.

During his first two years in office, Obama signed many landmark bills. Main reforms were the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (often referred to as "Obamacare", shortened as the "Affordable Care Act", or abbreviated as the ACA), the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 served as economic stimulus amidst the Great Recession, but the GOP regained control of the House of Representatives in 2011. After a lengthy debate over the national debt limit, Obama signed the Budget Control and the American Taxpayer Relief Acts. In foreign policy, Obama increased U.S. troop levels in Afghanistan, reduced nuclear weapons with the United States–Russia New START treaty, and ended military involvement in the Iraq War. He ordered military involvement in Libya in opposition to Muammar Gaddafi, and the military operation that resulted in the death of Osama bin Laden.

After winning re-election by defeating Republican opponent Mitt Romney, Obama was sworn in for a second term in 2013. During his second term, Obama promoted inclusiveness for LGBT Americans, with his administration filing briefs that urged the Supreme Court to strike down same-sex marriage bans as unconstitutional (United States v. Windsor and Obergefell v. Hodges). Obama advocated for gun control in response to the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting, and issued wide-ranging executive actions concerning climate change and immigration. In foreign policy, Obama ordered military intervention in Iraq in response to gains made by ISIL after the 2011 withdrawal from Iraq, continued the process of ending U.S. combat operations in Afghanistan, promoted discussions that led to the 2015 Paris Agreement on global climate change, initiated sanctions against Russia following the invasion in Ukraine and again after Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections, brokered a nuclear deal with Iran, and normalized U.S. relations with Cuba. Obama left office in January 2017 with a 60% approval rating. He currently resides in Washington, D.C. His presidential library will be built in Chicago.

PAULA HITLER

  Paula Hitler (] 21 January 1896 – 1 June 1960) was the younger sister of Adolf Hitler and the last child of Alois Hitler, Sr. and his third wife, Klara Pölzl

     Pre-war life

out who she was, Paula received financial support Paula was six years old when her father Alois, Sr., a retired customs official, died, and eleven when she lost her mother Klara, after which the Austrian government provided a small pension to Paula and Adolf. However, the amount was relatively meager and Adolf, who was by then old enough to support himself, agreed to sign his share over to her.

Paula later moved to Vienna. In the early 1920s she was hired as a housekeeper at a dormitory for Jewish university students. In 1921, while she worked at the dormitory, she was visited by her brother Adolf who she said appeared as if he had "fallen from heaven". [3] Later she worked as a secretary. For the most part, she had no other contact with her brother during his difficult years as a painter in Vienna and later Munich, military service during World War I and early political activities back in Munich. She was delighted to meet him again in Vienna during the early 1930s.[4]

By her own account, after losing a job with a Viennese insurance company in 1930 when her employers found from her brother (which continued until his suicide in 1945), lived under the assumed family name Wolff at Hitler's request (this was a childhood nickname of his which he had also used during the 1920s for security purposes) and worked sporadically. Hitler appears to have had a low opinion of her intelligence, referring to both Paula and his half-sister Angela as "stupid geese".[5]

She later claimed to have seen her brother about once a year during the 1930s and early 1940s. She worked as a secretary in a military hospital for much of World War II.

Post-war life

There is some evidence Paula shared her brother's strong German nationalist beliefs, but she was not politically active and never joined the Nazi Party.[2] During the closing days of the war, at the age of 49, she was driven to Berchtesgaden, Germany, apparently on the orders of Martin Bormann.

She was arrested by US intelligence officers in May 1945 and debriefed later that year.[6] A transcript shows one of the agents remarking she bore a physical resemblance to her brother. She told them that the Soviets had confiscated her house in Austria, that the Americans had expropriated her Vienna apartment, and that she was taking English lessons.

She characterized her childhood relationship with her brother as one of both constant bickering and strong affection. Paula said that she could not bring herself to believe that her brother had been responsible for the Holocaust. She had also told them that she had met Eva Braun only once. Paula was released from American custody and returned to Vienna, where she lived on her savings for a time, then worked in an arts and crafts shop. In 1952, she moved to Berchtesgaden in Germany, reportedly living "in seclusion" in a two-room flat as Paula Wolff. During this time, she was looked after by former members of the SS and survivors of her brother's inner circle.[6]

In February 1959, she agreed to be interviewed by Peter Morley, a documentary producer for British television station Associated-Rediffusion. The resulting conversation was the only filmed interview she ever gave and was broadcast as part of a programme called Tyranny: The Years of Adolf Hitler. She talked mostly about Hitler's childhood and refused to be drawn on political questions. Footage from this and a contemporary interview with Peter Morley was included in the 2005 television documentary The Hitler Family (original German title Familie Hitler. Im Schatten des Diktators), directed by Oliver Halmburger and Thomas Staehler.

Death and burial

Paula died on 1 June 1960, at the age of 64,[7] the last surviving member of Hitler's immediate family. She was buried in the Bergfriedhof in Berchtesgaden/Schönau under the name Paula Hitler. In June 2005, the wooden grave marker and remains were reportedly removed and replaced with another burial, a common practice in German cemeteries after two or more decades have elapsed. In May 2006, however, it was reported the grave marker had been returned to Paula's grave and a second marker had been added, indicating another more recent burial in the same spot.

M.S.DHONI INDIAN CRICKET PLAYAR

Mahendra Singh Dhoni:

born 7 July 1981) is an Indian cricketer who captained the Indian team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2016 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014. An attacking right-handed middle-order batsman and wicket-keeper, he is widely regarded as one of the greatest finishers in limited-overs cricket.[2][3][4][5] He is also regarded to be one of the best wicket-keepers in world cricket and is known to have very fast hands.[6][7] He made his One Day International (ODI) debut in December 2004 against Bangladesh, and played his first Test a year later against Sri Lanka.

Dhoni holds numerous captaincy records such as most wins by an Indian captain in Tests and ODIs, and most back-to-back wins by an Indian captain in ODIs. He took over the ODI captaincy from Rahul Dravid in 2007 and led the team to its first-ever bilateral ODI series wins in Sri Lanka and New Zealand. Under his captaincy, India won the 2007 ICC World Twenty20, the CB Series of 2007–08, the 2010 Asia Cup, the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup and the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy. In the final of the 2011 World Cup, Dhoni scored 91 not out off 79 balls handing India the victory for which he was awarded the Man of the Match. In June 2013, when India defeated England in the final of the Champions Trophy in England, Dhoni became the first captain to win all three ICC limited-overs trophies (World Cup, Champions Trophy and the World Twenty20). After taking up the Test captaincy in 2008, he led the team to series wins in New Zealand and West Indies, and the Border-Gavaskar Trophy in 2008, 2010 and 2013. In 2009, Dhoni also led the Indian team to number one position for the first time in the ICC Test rankings. In 2013, under his captaincy, India became the first team in more than 40 years to whitewash Australia in a Test series. In the Indian Premier League, he captained the Chennai Super Kings to victory at the 2010 and 2011 seasons, along with wins in the 2010 and 2014 editions of Champions League Twenty20. He announced his retirement from Tests on 30 December 2014.[8]

Dhoni holds the post of Vice-President of India Cements Ltd., after resigning from Air India. India Cements is the owner of the IPL team Chennai Super Kings, and Dhoni has been its captain since the first IPL season.[9][10] Dhoni is the co-owner of Indian Super League team Chennaiyin FC.[11]

Dhoni has been the recipient of many awards, including the ICC ODI Player of the Year award in 2008 and 2009 (the first player to win the award twice), the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 2007 and the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour, in 2009.[12] He was named as the captain of ICC World Test XI and ICC World ODI XI teams for 2009. The Indian Territorial Army conferred the honorary rank of Lieutenant Colonel[13] to Dhoni on 1 November 2011. He is the second Indian cricketer after Kapil Dev to have received this honour. In 2011, Time magazine included Dhoni in its annual Time 100 list as one of the "Most Influential People in the World."[14] In 2012, SportsPro rated Dhoni as the sixteenth most marketable athlete in the world.[15] In June 2015, Forbes ranked Dhoni at 23rd in the list of highest paid athletes in the world, estimating his earnings at US$31 million.[16] In 2016, a biopic M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story was made on him.

SACHIN TENDULKAR INDIAN CRICKET PLAYER

SACHIN TENDULKAR : born 24 April 1973) is a former Indian cricketer and a former captain, widely regarded as the greatest batsman of all time.[4] The highest run scorer of all time in International cricket, Tendulkar took up cricket at the age of eleven, made his Test debut on 15 November 1989 against Pakistan in Karachi at the age of sixteen, and went on to represent Mumbai domestically and India internationally for close to twenty-four years. He is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries, the first batsman to score a double century in a One Day International, the holder of the record for the most number of runs in both ODI and Test cricket, and the only player to complete more than 30,000 runs in international cricket.[5]

In 2002, halfway through his career, Wisden Cricketers' Almanack ranked him the second greatest Test batsman of all time, behind Don Bradman, and the second greatest ODI batsman of all time, behind Viv Richards.[6] Later in his career, Tendulkar was a part of the Indian team that won the 2011 World Cup, his first win in six World Cup appearances for India.[7] He had previously been named "Player of the Tournament" at the 2003 edition of the tournament, held in South Africa. In 2013, he was the only Indian cricketer included in an all-time Test World XI named to mark the 150th anniversary of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack.[8][9][10]

Tendulkar received the Arjuna Award in 1994 for his outstanding sporting achievement, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award in 1997, India's highest sporting honour, and the Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan awards in 1999 and 2008, respectively, India's fourth and second highest civilian awards.[11] After a few hours of his final match on 16 November 2013, the Prime Minister's Office announced the decision to award him the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award.[12][13] He is the youngest recipient to date and the first ever sportsperson to receive the award.[14][15] He also won the 2010 Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy for cricketer of the year at the ICC awards.[16] In 2012, Tendulkar was nominated to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India.[17] He was also the first sportsperson and the first person without an aviation background to be awarded the honorary rank of group captain by the Indian Air Force.[18] In 2012, he was named an Honorary Member of the Order of Australia.[19][20]

In December 2012, Tendulkar announced his retirement from ODIs.[21] He retired from Twenty20 cricket in October 2013[22] and subsequently retired from all forms of cricket on 16 November 2013 after playing his 200th Test match, against the West Indies in Mumbai's Wankhede Stadium.[23] Tendulkar played 664 international cricket matches in total, scoring 34,357 runs.

Dung beetles

Dung beetles

All the dung produced by the animals  grazing the savanna contains a lot of half digested grass. This is recycled by busy dung beetles that roll the dung into balls buring them for use as food reserves for themselves or their young

Nest weavers

Nest weavers

The male juba weaver bird of east africa makes his nest by using his bill to weave grass blades  together. He stars by attached a woven ring of grass to a branch then keeps weaving more and grass on to the ring untill it becomes a hollow ball. He leaves a hole near the bottom to use as an entrance

LEAF CUTTER ANTS

                  LEAF CUTTER ANTS

The tiny leafcutter ants live in huge undergroud nests in colonies of up to 8 millions fungud which grows inside the nets on a compost made from pieces of leaf.

The worker ants gather these from the forest scissoring them out with their sharp jaws and following scent trails to carry them back to the nest.

AFRICAN ELEPHANT SKULL AND TEETH

 AFRICAN ELEPHANT SKULL AND TEETH 
African eliphant skull and teeth
                                  the bones of the skull are honeycombed with air spaces reduce weight.But together with the teeth and tusks is still makes up almost a quarter of the elephant total weight huge ridge cheek theeth one or two on each side of each jaws grind the elephats fibrous food to pulb.  Over time  they move forward like a conveyor belt so old worn theeth fall out,and are replaced by new teeth sliding up from behind.

       ஒரு மாநில அரசு எப்படி மத்திய                       அரசின் சட்டத்தினை எதிர்க்கலாம்? மம்தாவுக்கு                                               உச்சநீதிமன்றம்                                                                      கேள்வி! 

புதுதில்லி: மத்திய அரசின் நலத்திட்டங்களுக்கு ஆதார் எண் கட்டாயம் என்ற உத்தரவிற்கு எதிராக மம்தா தொடர்ந்த வழக்கில், ஒரு மாநில அரசு எப்படி மத்திய அரசின் சட்டத்தினை எதிர்க்கலாம் என்று மம்தாவுக்கு உச்ச நீதிமன்றம் கேள்வி எழுப்பியுள்ளது.   

மத்திய அரசின் பல்வேறு நலத்திட்ட உதவிகள், சலுகைகள் போன்றவற்றை பெறுவதற்கு ஆதார் எண்ணை பொதுமக்கள் இணைக்க வேண்டும் என்பதை மத்திய அரசு கட்டாயமாக அறிவித்துள்ளது. இதற்கு எதிராக உச்ச நீதிமன்றத்தில் சில வழக்குகள் தொடரப்பட்டுள்ளன.

முதலில் ஆதார் எண்ணை இணைப்பதற்கு டிசம்பர் 31 இறுதித்தேதி என மத்திய அரசு கெடு விதித்திருந்தது. தற்பொழுது அந்த கெடுவானது அடுத்த ஆண்டு மார்ச் 31-ந் தேதி வரை நீட்டிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது என உச்ச நீதிமன்ற வழக்கு விசாரணையின் பொழுது மத்திய அரசு தெரிவித்து உள்ளது.

நலத்திட்டங்களுக்கான மானியம் வங்கி கணக்குகள் மூலம் செலுத்தப்படுவதால் வங்கி கணக்குடன் ஆதார் எண்ணை இணைக்குமாறும் மத்திய அரசு உத்தரவிடப்பட்டுள்ளது.

மத்திய அரசின் இந்த உத்தரவினை எதிர்த்து மேற்கு வங்க மாநில முதல்வர் மம்தா பானர்ஜியின் உத்தரவின் பேரில், மாநில தொழில் துறை யின் சார்பில் உச்ச நீதிமன்றத்தில் கடந்த வெள்ளிக்கிழமை அன்று வழக்கு தொடுக்கப்பட்டது.

இந்த மனுவில் பயனாளர்களின் செல்போன் எண்களுடனும் ஆதார் எண்களை இணைக்கும் உத்தரவிற்கும் ஆட்சேபம் தெரிவிக்கப்பட்டு உள்ளது.

முன்னதாக செல்போன் எண்களுடன் ஆதார் எண்ணை இணைக்கும் ஆணைக்கு எதிர்ப்பு தெரிவித்த மம்தா பானர்ஜி, தன்னுடைய செல்போன் எண்ணுடன் ஆதார் எண்ணை இணைக்கப் போவது கிடையாது என்று அறிவித்து விட்டார்.

ஆதார் தொடர்பான பிற வழக்குகளுடன் மேற்கு வங்க  மாநில அரசின் மனு, தலைமை நீதிபதி தீபக் மிஸ்ரா தலைமையிலான அமர்வின் முன் இன்று விசாரணைக்கு வந்தது. அப்பொழுது நீதிபதிகள், 'கூட்டாட்சி தத்துவத்தின் கீழ் செயல்படும் ஒரு அமைப்பில் ஒரு மாநில அரசு எப்படி மத்திய அரசின் சட்டத்தினை எதிர்க்கலாம்? இதன் காரணமாகவே மாநில அரசுகள் கொண்டு வரும் சட்டங்களை மத்திய அரசும் எதிர்க்கிறது.' என்று கருத்து தெரிவித்தனர்.

அதே நேரம் மம்தா பானர்ஜி இந்த வழக்கினை ஒரு தனி நபராகவோ  அல்லது குடிமகனாகவோ தொடருவது சரியாக இருக்கும் என்று உச்ச நீதிமன்றம் கருத்து தெரிவித்துள்ளது  அத்துடன் வழக்கில் தங்களது நிலையின் மாற்றிக் கொள்வதற்கு மேற்கு வங்க அரசுக்கு உச்ச நீதிமன்றம் கால அவகாசம் அளித்துள்ளது.

அதே நேரம் வங்கி கணக்குடன் ஆதார் எண்ணை இணைக்கும் விவகாரத்தில் மத்திய அரசுக்கு நோட்டீஸ் அனுப்ப உச்ச நீதிமன்ற அமர்வு உத்தரவிட்டுள்ளது. இதற்கு பதிலளிக்க நான்கு வார கால அவகாசம் அளிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.   

Paypal Hack money 2017 . How to get 9999$ Paypal Latest 2017 , PAYPAL HA...

Paypal Hack money 2017 . How to get 9999$ Paypal Latest 2017 , PAYPAL HACK 2017






LINK Mediafire download : http://www.mediafire.com/file/nprohgw...

Free PAYPAL MONEY GENERATOR 2017-2018

                   Free PAYPAL MONEY GENERATOR 2017-2018                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 

Free PAYPAL MONEY GENERATOR 2017-2018

 FREE PAYPAL MONEY GENERTOR

POISON DARK FROG

                                                POISON DARK FROG 

    POISON DARK FROG 
Ting vividiy coloured frogs live high in the trees their skin ooze powerful poisons and their colouras warn birds that they are deadly to eat. many rear their tadpoles in the miniature poois that from in plats growing on tree top bronches

SNAKES 3000 Species snakes evolved from lizards

   SNAKES 3000 Species snakes evolved           from lizards 

SANAKES 
                  3000 species 
Snakes evoved from lizards losing their limbs and developing aspecalized jaw arrangment for swallowing their prey whole some snakes also have a venemouse bite

Workplace rules for happy life

                                               
            Workplace rules for happy life



1. Trust no one but respect  everyone..

2. What happens in office, remain in office. Never take office gossips to home and vice versa.

3. Enter office on time, leave on time. Your desktop is not helping improvement in your health.

4. Never make Relationships in the work place. It will always backfire.

5. Expect nothing. If somebody helps, feel thankful. If not, you will learn to know things on your own.

6. Never rush for position. If you get promoted, congrats. If not, it doesn't matter. You will always be remembered for your knowledge and politeness, not for your designation.

7. Never run behind office stuff. You have better things to do in life.

8. Avoid taking everything on your ego. Your salary matters. You are being paid. Use your assets to get happiness.

9. It doesn't matter how people treat you. Be humble. You are not everyone's cup of tea.

10. In the end nothing matters except family, friends, home, and Inner peace.

World's mental health day theme by WHO. 
Mental Health at work place